Discussion Starter • #1 • Aug 19, 2011. The consequences of insufficient insulation can range from increased energy use to condensation or even frost formation on exterior surfaces. When it comes to insulating a flat roof, there are two options. As more snow melts, the water is caught by the ice dams, causing moisture to seep through the roof into the building, which can lead to structural damage. A cold roof is one where the roof deck and shingles remain a similar temperature to the outside air. A cold roof implies that the attic is not within the conditioned space of the home. In this video I explain three different ways of building a flat roof using the warm roof and cold roof methods I explain the height each roof will be and all the benefits and drawbacks of each method. (100 mm) strip of plywood under the rafter to distribute the load due to the limited compressive strength of the rigid insulation . The Cold Roof Although not recommended today, and actually banned in Scotland, until recently cold flat roofs were fairly common. There are two ways to insulate a roof: Warm Deck – this is where the insulation is placed on top of the rafters/joists and the roof covering is then placed over the insulation. Cold Deck – this is where the insulation is placed between the joists/rafters or in between the ceiling joists in the case of a pitch roof. Cold flat roof insulation. The main decision to make when insulating a pitched roof is if you are going to have a warm roof or a cold roof. Im afton asked whats the difference between warm roof and cold roof construction. Instead, the attic has insulation on the floor that separates air between the conditioned and attic spaces. Inverted roof: So what exactly is a cold roof? With two strategies employed (the airtight, vapor-impermeable foam, plus the ventilation as a safety valve), you might call this a “belt and suspenders” approach to building. Ventilated roof space. Roofs Of all the building components, the roof system faces some of the most severe challenges. Thermal insulation horizontal across ceiling. In a cold roof construction, the Sika-Trocal membrane is installed directly to the structural decking (usually timber). I have an outbuilding which has a cold flat roof construction. The structural deck and the supporting structure are at a temperature close to the interior of the building. When designing the roof of a cold storage building, a major concern is the significant vapor drive that occurs predominantly from the warmer exterior toward the colder interior. Plywood WBP to BS 5268–2 and BS EN 636–3, minimum thickness 18 mm. This ‘cold deck’ construction is considered problematic in the humid, temperate climate of the UK where the effective ventilation of restricted roof voids may be impractical, particularly in sheltered, built-up areas. The insulated panels are fitted to the inside of the structure, which also supports them. The flat roof is finished in GRP. Cold Pitched Roof Construction Tyvek® and AirGuard® membranes minimise interstitial and surface condensation in cold pitched roof construction, while helping to ensure optimal energy efficiency. Cold roofing prevents the formation of ice dams, which can be a regular hazard with warm roofs. Pitched Roof Materials – Types Of Roof Tiles Types of roof tiles and materials Clay tiles, slate tiles, concrete tiles, thatch. Cold roof construction There is nothing wrong with "cold roof construction" as long as it is correctly constructed and insulated and adequate ventilation is provided. On flat roofs, a 'warm roof' is one in which the insulation layer is laid on top of roof structure. For this type of roof, you’ll need to have proper soffit vents, a ridge or gable vent, and ventilation baffles. There are a number of different material used for the outer layer of pitched roofs: This may help with condensation, but causes such a loss of heat that it has been banned in Scotland. Roofing Cold roof construction with no ventilation. Well, a cold roof is created by laying insulation between the rafters. The sunshine allows the shingles to soften or “lay down” and adhere to the thermally activated sealant. These roofs possess low weight-holding capacity, so we need to design a lightweight green roof construction; the cooling effect of these cold roofs is maintained with the help of specific layer construction. This results in the structural deck and its supports being at a temperature closer to that of the building’s interior. The roof has two main challenges: retaining heat effectively and controlling moisture trying to escape from the… Through a ventilation and insulation system, heat does not escape through the roof. The main difference between the two is the location of the insulation. In a cold roof construction, the Sarnafil membrane is installed directly to the structural decking (usually timber with firrings to fall). There are three recognised designs of flat roof construction; warm, cold and inverted. This roof assembly is often referred to as a “cold roof” and is the antithesis of a hot roof. The minimum requirements for cold roof ventilation are set out in BS 5250 (Control of Condensation in Buildings) which takes into consideration span, pitch and roof area. This means there is a vapour control layer in the ceiling and cross ventilation at the eaves or the top of the walls. The air travels up the roof pitch and exits at the roof peak. Roofing & Construction and if it’s too cold to roof we can wait. Roofing Grade OSB Board to BS EN 300, Grade 3, minimum thickness 18 mm. No ventilation is required for these types of roofs. I have a cold flat roof over my kitchen extension and the water supply pipes are in the ceiling. Roof Construction . The advantage of cold roof construction is that the overall depth of the roof can be kept to a minimum which may be necessary to allow for window openings, Fascia depth, etc. Warm pitched roof. Concrete roof decking. Then there must be ventilation between the deck and the insulation (traditionally a generic mineral wool) to prevent moisture vapour being transmitted from the building outwards where it could condensate in the roof construction (interstitial condensation). Profiled galvanized steel deck, minimum recommended thickness 0.7 mm to BS EN 10147 Fe E280G Z275. Ice dams are formed when snow melts on the roof and then refreezes on the roof overhang. 2 Posts . Note the 4 in. Cold Pitched Roof - Ventilated. Flat roof construction can come in the form of a warm roof or cold roof depending on the requirement of the owner and architect as they relate to the building regulations regarding heat loss and insulation. If you have been considering a new roof installation, looking into adding insulation to your home, or are planning to build a new house, you may have heard people talk about “hot roof” and “cold roof” systems. Warm roofs and cold roofs can take different forms depending on the nature of the roof form. Cold stores should have adequate weather protection, which may be in traditional or modern materials. Which makes sense, as this space is otherwise empty, and so it’s a simple, low-impact way to insulate a roof. Insulation would normally be placed in the lower portion of this void mostly sitting on or just above the ceiling structure. Warm Roof vs Cold Roof. A cold roof assembly can also be created using other types of insulation. This traditional roof construction uses movement of air through the roof void to prevent the occurrence of harmful condensation. Flat Roof - Condensation. Flat roof constructions are generally classed as either ‘Cold’ or ‘Warm’ roofs depending on the position of the thermal insulation. Figure 2: Roof Section—The vent rafters are connected through the roof rigid insulation with a metal bracket and a long roofing screw. Cold Roof. However, you may not be familiar with these concepts, particularly what they mean and the pros and cons of … It is universally recommended that cold deck flat roof construction should be avoided. In building construction, roof pitch is a numerical measure of the steepness of a roof. Part 4 – Flat Roof Construction: covers flat roof materials and flat roof construction of warm and cold roofs. In order to avoid that situation we use a ventilated cold roof. A “cold storage building” is a building or a portion of a building or structure designed to promote the extended shelf life of perishable products. Introduction. The cold roof is very similar to traditional ventilated roofs in the sense that air is allowed to enter the eaves of the roof through a vent. There are typically two different ways to insulate a roof- a warm roof and a cold roof. To accomplish this we install 1×3 pine strapping along the roof every 18″. People are purchasing quality roofs with quality installation from C.W. This will depend on the construction on your roof, and if it is a refurbishment, whether the roof tiles are going to be removed. What is a cold roof? Knowing the difference between a warm deck roof and cold deck roof can certainly make life easier. A cold roof design usually leaves a 50mm gap between the top of the insulation, and the roof deck above. We prefer to roof if it is 50 degrees or warmer with multiple days of sunshine afterwards. In a warm roof construction the principal thermal insulation layer is located above the structural decking, resulting in the structural deck and support structure being at a temperature close to that of the interior of the building. Warm Roof. 3.1.1 INTERNAL INSULATION SYSTEM WITH FULL EXTERNAL WALL AND ROOF CLADDING A suitable building structure incorporates and supports wall and roof cladding. In Upstate New York, and any area that experiences cold weather, a cold roof is a must. Lots of traditional flat roofs are of the ‘cold roof’ construction type. The sealed cold roof system does not need the provision of ventilation directly into the loft space and works on the principle of a Monarperm vapour open or permeable underlay being used under the roof tiles simply allowing vapour drive to diffuse any water vapour harmlessly into the batten space and the external atmosphere beyond. A cold roof is the most common type of roof construction, often taking the form of an uninhabited storage space. Insufficient insulation in exterior walls and roofs can result in cold spots on the exterior of the building. In cold climates, a roof must be properly sized, well sealed, energy efficient, and perform reliably under the extremes of each season. A warm roof building will make the entire structure of the building warm in an attempt to avoid any cold bridging. Warm roof - Designing Buildings Wiki - Share your construction industry knowledge. Condensation within a flat roof mainly occurs during cold weather when moisture vapour in the air which has been generated within the heated building, rises from the room below into the cold roof void above the ceiling. A cold roof construction will normally comprise of a structural deck on joists or purlins with a ceiling layer fixed to the bottom of the joists/purlins thereby creating an air layer or cavity within. 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